Buildings consume a significant amount of energy, thus contributing to climate change. NITI Aayog, estimated that electricity demand from the building sector will increase by more than 800% in 2047 compared to 2012. The forecasted increase in electricity demand by buildings is primarily attributed to the increase in built-up areas and increased use of electricity for space cooling. Heat transmission from a building envelope (external walls, windows and roof) constitutes a large part of the heat gain in a building. Reducing this heat load can reduce the energy consumption of a building. This report explores the role that walling materials and wall technologies can play in reducing the heat transmission of buildings.