Indian Railways was once the largest freight transport carrier in the country, but its share in freight mobility has been rapidly reducing – a decline from 62% in 1990-91 to 36% in 2012-13. Road-based freight transport, which is more energy and emission intensive, has grown at the expense of the Indian Railways. Several government assessments have identified ways to address this challenge but via long-term measures. This study identifies commodities that have the highest potential to shift to railways and proposes short to medium term strategies to address policy and infrastructure barriers. A detailed analysis has been prepared for six commodities i.e. Automobiles, Cement, Steel, Container, Fly Ash and Parcels.